• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A drive system for a harvesting machine (10) comprises an internal combustion engine (36, 38), a crop processing device that can be driven via a drive train with a coupling (78), a first hydraulic pump (110) which is connected to the input side of the coupling (78) Drive train is connected, a second hydraulic pump (102) which is connected to the drive train on the output side of the clutch (78), a controller (94) with which a first operating mode in which the clutch (78) is closed so that the crop processing device and first and second hydraulic motors (116, 112) are driven, and a second operating mode can be selected in which the clutch (78) is open and the first hydraulic pump (110) is connected to the second hydraulic pump (102) in a hydraulic fluid-conducting manner, which is then called Motor for reversing drive of the crop processing device is used. A valve device (118) is connected to the hydraulic pumps (110, 102) and to the first hydraulic motor (116) and, in the first operating mode, connects it to the first hydraulic pump (110) in a closed circuit.
    公开号:BE1021620B1
    申请号:E2010/0290
    申请日:2010-05-12
    公开日:2015-12-21
    发明作者:Stefan Bohrer
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Drive system for a harvester The invention relates to a drive system for a harvester.
    State of the art
    In agricultural harvesters, it is common to drive components by hydraulic motors. For this purpose, an internal combustion engine mechanically drives a hydraulic pump, which in turn is connected to the hydraulic motor via hydraulic fluid.
    If the hydraulic pump and / or the hydraulic motor are provided with an adjustable absorption volume, the rotational speed of the components of the harvesting machine driven by the hydraulic motor can be made variable.
    WO 02/056672 A, which is regarded as generic, describes such a harvester in the form of a forage harvester, in which the pre-press rollers are driven by an adjustable hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor. The header is powered by another adjustable hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor. Both mentioned, adjustable hydraulic pumps are permanently in drive connection with an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, a third hydraulic motor is connected to the drive train of the cutterhead, which is driven by a tensioned belt drive. The input side of the tensioned belt drive and a blower are in turn connectable via a disconnectable coupling with the engine. In normal harvesting operation, the third hydraulic motor serves as a pump, which acts on a hydraulic motor which drives a grain processor roll. The third hydraulic motor can, when the tensioning belt drive between the cutterhead and the clutch is turned off, be used to reverse the chopper drum, for example, to grind the blades of the chopper drum. It is then separated by a valve from the hydraulic motor of the grain processor roller and supplied by a permanently driven by the internal combustion engine, also for operating the cylinder for height adjustment of the header and the discharge elbow serving gear pump with hydraulic fluid, for which a larger number of valves are provided.
    Object of the invention
    The object underlying the invention is seen to provide a comparison with the prior art improved drive system for a harvester.
    This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner. Solution of the task
    A drive system for a harvesting machine comprises an internal combustion engine and a crop processing device, which is mechanically driveably connected to the internal combustion engine via a drive train. The drive train includes an actuatable by an actuator, separable coupling. A controller makes it possible to select a first operating mode in which the clutch is closed, so that the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung is driven in a first, intended for Emtebetrieb direction. Furthermore, a first hydraulic pump is connected to the input side of the clutch to the drive train and supplies in the first mode, a first hydraulic motor which drives a first means for conveying and / or processing of crop. A second hydraulic pump is coupled on the output side of the clutch with the drive train and hydraulikfluidleitend connected to a second hydraulic motor, which is in driving connection with a second device for conveying and / or processing of crop. In the first mode of operation, the two hydraulic motors and the associated devices are thus driven to convey and / or process crops. In addition, a second mode of operation is selectable in which the clutch is open and the first hydraulic pump is hydraulically fluidly connected to the second hydraulic pump by a valve controlled by the controller, which then drives the crop processor in the second direction opposite the first direction serves. The valve device is also connected to the first hydraulic motor and connects it in the first mode with the first hydraulic pump in a closed circuit. There is thus a single valve device, which in the first operating mode connects the first hydraulic pump with the first hydraulic motor in a closed circuit and in the second operating mode, the first hydraulic pump with the second
    Hydropump connects, which then serves as a motor for reversing the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung.
    Preferably, the second hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic motor are arranged in a closed circuit, which is connected to the valve device.
    The first hydraulic pump preferably has an adjustable delivery volume in order to drive the first variable-speed hydraulic motor in the first operating mode. Analogously, the second hydraulic pump preferably has an adjustable delivery volume in order to drive the second hydraulic motor with adjustable speed in the first operating mode. Also, the second hydraulic motor preferably has an adjustable displacement, which allows higher speeds of the second device for conveying and / or processing of crop. The first hydraulic motor may have a fixed or adjustable displacement.
    Preferably, in the second mode of operation, the valve means separates the first hydraulic motor from the first hydraulic pump to prevent the first crop moving and / or processing device from moving when the crop processing device is reversed.
    The crop processing device can in particular be a chopper drum of a forage harvester, which is reversed to grind its knives in the second operating mode. The first device for conveying and / or processing crop material is, in particular, an emptying attachment, and the second device for conveying and / or processing crop material is, in particular, a collection conveyor.
    Working Example
    With reference to the figures, an embodiment of the invention will be explained. Show it:
    1 is a schematic side view of a self-propelled harvester in the form of a forage harvester,
    Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the drive system of the harvester, and Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic interconnection of the hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors for driving the intake conveyor and the header.
    1 shows a harvester 10 in the manner of a self-propelled forage harvester is shown in a schematic side view. The harvester 10 is built on a frame 12 supported by front driven wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The operation of the harvesting machine 10 is carried out by a driver's cab 18, from which a header 20 in the form of a pickup is visible. By means of the header 20 picked up from the ground crop, z. As grass or the like is arranged via a feed conveyor 22 with pre-press rollers, which are arranged within a feed housing 24 on the front side of the forage harvester 10, one below the driver's cab 18, as
    Crop processing device provided chopper drum 26 which chops it into small pieces and gives it a conveyor 28. The crop leaves the harvesting machine 10 to a transporting vehicle traveling alongside it about a discharge shaft 30 which is rotatable about an approximately vertical axis and is adjustable in inclination. In the following, directional details, such as laterally, downwardly and upwardly, refer to the forward movement direction V of the harvesting machine 10 which is shown in FIG Figure 1 extends to the right.
    FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the drive arrangement of the harvesting machine 10. In the rear area of the harvesting machine 10 there are two (first and second) internal combustion engines 36, 38 arranged rearward of the rear axle, in particular in the form of diesel engines, arranged side by side and with side rails and / or. or cross members of the frame 12 are connected and each supported separately on the frame 12, or mounted on a respective subframe, which in turn is attached to the frame 12. Between the internal combustion engines 36, 38 and the frame 12 and the subframe each vibration-damping rubber-metal elements may be arranged. The powers of the internal combustion engines 36, 38 are preferably identical, although internal combustion engines 36, 38 of different power would be usable. The internal combustion engines 36, 38 extend in the forward direction of the harvester 10 and include (first and second) crankshafts 40, 42 extending forwardly out of the casings of the internal combustion engines 36, 38.
    The first internal combustion engine 36 drives in operation with its crankshaft 40 a first longitudinal shaft 44, which is connected to the input side of a first clutch 56. The
    Output side of the first clutch 56 is connected via a fourth longitudinal shaft 104 with the first bevel gear 48 of a first angle gear 52. The fourth longitudinal shaft 104 also drives, via the gears 70, 72 and a fifth prop shaft 76, a pump assembly 74 which includes a hydraulic pump for driving hydraulic motors for propulsion of the harvester, a steering pump and a hydraulic pump for oil supply to the control of the hydrostatic drive for propulsion the harvesting machine 10, and a first hydraulic pump 110, which serves to drive a first hydraulic motor 116 for driving the header 20. It would also be conceivable to drive further permanently driven elements, such as an electric generator and / or a blower drive for the cooling air supply for the internal combustion engines 36, 38, via one of the gearwheels 70, 72 or a toothed wheel (not shown).
    The second bevel gear 50 of the first bevel gear 52 is connected to a first portion 58 of a transverse shaft 58, 80, 90, which in turn is connected via a hinge shaft 92 with a second portion 90 of the transverse shaft 58, 80, 90, extending to the second bevel gear 68 of a second angle gear 64 extends. The second internal combustion engine 38 drives in operation with its crankshaft 42 a second propeller shaft 46, which is connected to the input side of a second clutch 60. The output side of the second clutch 60 is connected via the third longitudinal shaft 62 with the first bevel gear 66 of the second angle gear 64.
    The internal combustion engines 36, 38 are mounted separately on the frame 12 or an auxiliary frame, usually via damping elements. On their housings and the associated couplings 56 and 60 and angle gear 52, 64 are attached. The propeller shaft 92 allows the compensation of possible tolerances of the positions of the internal combustion engines 36,38 and the angle gear 52, 64th
    The second portion 90 of the transverse shaft 58.80, 90 and the second bevel gear 68 of the second bevel gear 64 are connected to an outer portion 80 of the transverse shaft 58, 80,90, which extends through a connected to the pulley 82 hollow shaft 106 on the of the angular gears 52,64 opposite side of the pulley 82 extends and is connected there to a third clutch 78. On the output side, the third clutch 78 is connected to the hollow shaft 106, which also drives a second hydraulic pump 102 on the side of the belt pulley 82 facing the angle gears 52, 64 for gears 96, 108 and 100, which drives the second hydraulic motor 112, which feeds the intake conveyor 22 via a gear 114 drives. The third clutch 78 makes it possible to turn on and off the drive belt 84 and with it the chopper drum 26 and the conveyor 28. The gears 96, 108 and 100 may be mounted within a housing that is secured to the housing of the second bevel gear 64. The gears 70 and 72, however, are preferably integrated within the housing of the first angular gear 52 and the first clutch 56.
    A suitable controller 94 (see Figure 1) is used in both embodiments for connecting and disconnecting the internal combustion engines 36, 38 from the drive train. The controller 94 is connected to actuators 122, 124, 126 for switching the clutches 56, 60 and 78 and to engine controls (not shown) of the internal combustion engines 36 and 38. In addition to the standstill of the internal combustion engines 36, 38, three combinations of operating states of the internal combustion engines 36, 38 are possible. For larger power requirements, such as corn harvesting with a mower header (not shown) mounted in place of the pickup 20, both internal combustion engines 36, 38 run and the clutches 56 and 60 are closed. The third clutch 78 is used in a manner known per se for switching the conveyor 28 and the chopper drum 26 on and off as needed, for which purpose a suitable interface 98 (eg switch) is connected to the control 94. For lower power requirements, eg. Example, in the harvest of a swath by means of the pickup 20 shown in Figure 1 or on a road trip or corn harvest when harvesting only individual rows on the field edge, only one of the internal combustion engines 36 or 38 is required, while the other internal combustion engine 38 or 36 is brought to a standstill. The respectively not required internal combustion engine 38 or 36 associated clutch 60 or 56 is then opened, while the other clutch 56 or 60 is closed and also the pump unit 74 and the first hydraulic pump 110 drives.
    FIG. 3 shows a hydraulic schematic of the first and second hydraulic pumps 110, 102 and of the first and second hydraulic motors 116, 112. The two ports of the first variable displacement hydraulic pump 110 are connected to a valve device 118 which can be actuated electromagnetically by the control 94 and which are also connected to the two connections of the first hydraulic motor 116, the displacement volume of which can not be adjusted. In the illustrated rest position of the valve device 118, the outlet of the hydraulic pump 110 is connected directly to the inlet of the hydraulic motor 116 and the outlet of the hydraulic motor 116 directly to the inlet of the hydraulic pump 110. Accordingly, the first hydraulic pump 110 and the first hydraulic motor 116 form a closed circuit, and the speed at which movable components of the header 20 are driven for cutting and / or conveying the crop can be changed by adjusting a swash plate of the first hydraulic motor 110.
    The second hydraulic pump 102 and the second hydraulic motor 112 also form a closed loop in which the outlet of the second hydraulic pump 102 is directly connected to the inlet of the second hydraulic motor 112 and the outlet of the second hydraulic motor 112 is directly connected to the inlet of the second hydraulic pump 102 , The second hydraulic pump 102 and the second hydraulic motor 112 both have adjustable swash plates to change the cutting length of the crop. Actuators for adjusting the swash plates of the second hydraulic pump 102 and the second hydraulic motor 112 are further connected to a detection device for detecting foreign bodies, which causes a sufficiently rapid stopping of the intake conveyor 22 in the case of detecting a recording of an unwanted foreign body (see DE 10 2009 002 849 A1). Both connections of the second hydraulic pump 102 are also connected to the valve device 118.
    When the valve device 118 is moved from the rest position shown in FIG. 3 into an activated position, the first hydraulic motor 116 is disconnected from the first hydraulic pump 110 and instead the two connections of the second hydraulic pump 102 (and the second hydraulic motor 112) with the first hydraulic pump 110 become connected. In this way, the controller 94 and the valve device 118 allow at least two modes of operation that can be selected by the operator via the interface 98:
    A first mode of operation in which the third clutch 78 is closed and one or both of the internal combustion engines 36,38 drives the chopper drum 26 while the first hydraulic pump 110 drives the first hydraulic motor 116 via the valve device 118 in the inoperative position and the second hydraulic pump 102 drives the first hydraulic pump second hydraulic motor 112 drives. The first operating mode corresponds to the normal harvesting operation.
    A second mode of operation in which the third clutch 78 is open and one or both of the internal combustion engines 36, 36 drives the first hydraulic pump 110. The controller 94 then spends the valve device 118 in the active position, so that the first hydraulic motor 116 is disconnected and the header 20 does not move. However, the first hydraulic pump 110 drives the second hydraulic pump 102, which is now used as a motor, which via the gears 100,108,96, the hollow shaft 106, the Riemenschieibe 82, the belt 84 and the pulley 88 to one opposite to the harvesting operation opposite Movement of the cutterhead 26 leads. This reversing drive of the chopper drum 26 allows a better grinding of the cutterhead knives by means of a grinder 120 than grinding in the direction of rotation used in the emptying mode. In the second mode of operation also rotates the second hydraulic motor 112 and drives the feed conveyor 22, but this has no adverse effects. The displacement of the second hydraulic motor 112 can then be made as large as possible in order to keep the rotational speed of the intake conveyor 22 small.
    The second hydraulic pump 102 is therefore designed for two directions of rotation. It can be designed as a hydraulic motor, which is used as a pump in the first operating mode, or it is a bidirectionally functional hydraulic pump, which has a suitable, operable in two directions powertrain and does not have their own feed pump.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    A drive system for a harvesting machine (10), comprising: an internal combustion engine (36, 38), a crop processing device that is mechanically driveable via a drive train to the internal combustion engine (36, 38), the driveline being actuable by an actuator (122) , separable coupling (78), a first hydraulic pump (110) connected to the drive train on the input side of the clutch (78), a first hydraulic motor (116) provided with a first device for conveying and / or processing crop material is in driving connection, a second hydraulic pump (102) which is connected on the output side of the clutch (78) to the drive train and hydraulikfluidleitend with a second hydraulic motor (112) is connected, which with a second device for conveying and / or processing of crop is in drive connection, a controller (94), with a first operating mode in which the clutch (78) is closed, so that d the crop processing device is driven in a first direction, and in which the first hydraulic motor (116) is connected in a closed circuit to the first hydraulic pump (110) and driven by it, and the second hydraulic motor (112) is connected to the second hydraulic pump (102). and a second mode of operation is selectable in which the clutch (78) is open and the first hydraulic pump (110) is hydraulically-fluidically conductive with the second hydraulic pump (118) by a valve means (118) controlled by the controller (94). 102), which then serves as a motor for driving the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung in the second, the first direction opposite direction.
    [2]
    2. Drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the second hydraulic pump (102) and the second hydraulic motor (112) are arranged in a closed circuit, which is connected to the valve device (118).
    [3]
    3. Drive system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first hydraulic pump (110) and / or the second hydraulic pump (102) has an adjustable delivery volume.
    [4]
    4. Drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that the second hydraulic motor (112) has an adjustable displacement.
    [5]
    5. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the valve means (118) is operable to separate the first hydraulic motor (116) in the second mode of the first hydraulic pump (110).
    [6]
    6. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung is a chopper drum (26).
    [7]
    7. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first means for conveying and / or processing of crop is a header (20).
    [8]
    8. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second means for conveying and / or processing of crop material is a feed conveyor (22).
    [9]
    9. harvesting machine (10) with a drive system according to one of the preceding claims.
    [10]
    10. harvester (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that it is a forage harvester.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102009003242B4|2015-01-08|
    EA201000653A1|2010-12-30|
    DE102009003242A1|2010-11-25|
    EA015771B1|2011-12-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3708550A1|1986-03-20|1987-09-24|Rosenlew Ab Oy W|Drive arrangement for mowing-table elements and a winder for lifting stored corn on a thresher|
    WO2002056672A1|2001-01-22|2002-07-25|Cnh Belgium N.V.|Agricultural harvesting machines and front attachments therefor|
    SU1640489A1|1989-08-09|1991-04-07|Государственный Союзный научно-исследовательский тракторный институт|Hydraulic volumetric drive|
    SU1758319A1|1990-03-06|1992-08-30|Московский Инженерно-Строительный Институт Им.В.В.Куйбышева|Hydraulic transmission|
    SU1759284A1|1990-04-05|1992-09-07|Центральное Опытное Проектно-Конструкторское Бюро Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского Института Механизации Сельского Хозяйства|Potato combine|
    DE19918550A1|1999-04-23|2000-10-26|Deere & Co|Drive device of the conveyor and / or crop processing device of a harvesting machine|
    DE102009002849A1|2008-07-11|2010-01-14|Deere & Company, Moline|Drive system for a feed conveyor of a harvester|DE102011014245A1|2011-03-17|2012-09-20|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Method and device for operating a forage harvester|
    DE102014216593A1|2014-08-21|2016-02-25|Deere & Company|Operator assistance system for an agricultural working machine|
    DE102014219049A1|2014-09-22|2016-03-24|Deere & Company|Forage harvester with reversible conditioning device|
    DE102014219205A1|2014-09-23|2016-03-24|Deere & Company|Drive system for a harvester|
    DE102016215264A1|2016-08-16|2018-02-22|Deere & Company|Reversing a crop receiver|
    DE102017201421A1|2017-01-30|2018-08-02|Deere & Company|Control arrangement for a grinding device and / or device for adjusting the position of a counter-blade of a forage harvester|
    DE102018211863A1|2018-07-17|2020-01-23|Deere & Company|Drive system for a forage harvester|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102009003242.8|2009-05-19|
    DE102009003242.8A|DE102009003242B4|2009-05-19|2009-05-19|Drive system for a harvester|
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